When he freed the aristocracy, they welcomed him as their Pharaoh, a very great honour. STUDY. Despite its importance, however, few academic degrees are granted in the field of Hellenistic studies. (47) It was a college of elite scholars who received grants or pensions to study. The Great Temple of Zeus and Athena is a unique monument of ancient Greece, considered a masterpiece of Hellenistic Period sculpture. From 1984 to 1990 he was President of the Association of Ancient Historians. Flaubert in Egypt: A Sensibility on Tour. The Hellenistic Age. The History Channel’s The True Story of Alexander the Great (2004; 2hrs 30min; available on Netflix) gives a reasonably balanced account drawing on both ancient and modern sources with high-quality production values. The Hellenistic period – specifically in Alexandria but also throughout the Mediterranean – witnessed many achievements and contributions in all fields of knowledge that have greatly added to man’s thought, culture and science. Durell, Lawrence. Her research areas include the poetry of the two Nobel Prize-winning authors George Seferis and Odysseas Elytis, British and American 20th century travel writing to Greece and contemporary Greek American literature. Fergus Millar, Ed., London and NY: Routledge, 2000. NY: Pantheon, 1975, 2001. Hellenistic Alexandria: Celebrating 24 Centuries The Hellenistic periodwitnessed many achievements and contributions in all fields of knowledge that have greatly added to human thought and to the culmination of modern science, culture and civilization in general. Lycophron's most famous was a two thousand line epic called Alexandra, which had multiple allusions to mythological characters and events. For more than two thousand years, it was the largest city in Egypt and was its capital for almost half of that time. Alexander’s Pictorial Legacy Forster, E. M. Alexandria, A History and A Guide. The Rise and Fall of Alexandria, Birthplace of the Modern World. The Library of Alexandria is regarded as the eighth ‘wonder’ of the ancient world and is the first great library in western history. 595 Market Street, San Francisco, Humanities West Stoneman, Richard. Alexander of Macedon, 356-323 BC: A Historical Biography. —. Professor Jameson will focus on the origin and history of the Library, on its collections and arrangement, on the scholar-librarians, and on its disappearance–as well as on the revival of the Bibliotheca Alexandria whose purpose is to restate the universal legacy of the ancient Library in modern terms. In Theocritus' idyll, The Festival of Adonis, Alexandria is said to be exhausting: One can also read about a man who had killed a cat and before the day was over, was dead and his house burnt to the ground. As an important trading post between Europe and Asia, it profited from the easy overland connection between the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. Hellenistic Culture in Alexandria As a result of Alexander’s policies, a vibrant new culture emerged. Against this backdrop of excitement and power, another sector of the ancient population arrived in the city: the scholarly and intellectual men, who found their places in Alexandria's famous Museum and Library, and who took advantage of the Ptolemic patronage that made their work possible. Transl. Sunday January 24, 2010 The chief librarian commissioned the Septuagint, which was the oldest Greek version of the Old Testament. Their knowledge was achieved by the dissection of living people, mostly prisoners. Keynote Address Alexandria was the second-most important city in the Roman Empire, after Rome itself.It was named for its founder, Alexander the Great, who built the city after his conquest of Egypt (331 B.C.E.) He was visiting professor of history at Bosphorus University of Istanbul and advisor to the library of Ecumenical Patriarchate of the Orthodox Church in Istanbul-Constantinople. —. 1922, 1982. Respect had to be shown to them or you suffered the consequences. Socrates, the Senses and Knowledge: Is there Any Connection? He liked the climate and the coastal location, which also had a natural source of fresh water nearby. The Modern Library, 2007. This talk will discuss some of the cultural strategies of the early Ptolemies, and, a few of their ramifications. Press, 1995. The Alexandria Greco-Roman Museum: A Thematic Guide. Alexandria: Jewel of Egypt by Jean-Yves Empereur (part of the excellent Discoveries series) provides a concise, but richly illustrated, overview of Alexandria’s history from its founding in 331 BCE to its modern role as Egypt’s second city and includes selected extracts from historical documents and literary sources. Alexandria was the first great city of its time and people from everywhere went there for their own personal reasons. Moderator: William S. Greenwalt Many ancient texts still survive to this day because they were collected, preserved, and stored at the Library of Alexandria. Odysseus: Fascinating Man and His Many Transformations, Courtesans and Kings: Ancient Greek Perspectives on the Hetairai, Was Antigone Really A 'Bad' Woman? The National Center for Documentation of Cultural and National Heritage (CULTNAT), 2003. What happened to the library? (49) Aristarchus virtually invented modern astronomy while living in the city. A thorough historical analysis of Alexandria’s role as the center of Hellenistic culture may be found in The Rise and Fall of Alexandria: Birthplace of the Modern World by Justin Pollard and Howard Reid (Paperback, 2006; 329pp; also available in Kindle and Audiobook formats). What was the scribal culture like that enabled the collection and maintenance of so many books? His job was to produce texts on comedies, but he also wrote poetry. Greek (Hellenic), Egyptian, Persian, Indian. Alexandria was an important city of the ancient world. He also appointed Dinocrates of Rhodes to be his chief architect for the project. Alexandria had a large population. Greek (also known as Hellenic) culture blended with Egyptian, Persian, and Indian influ- ences. NY: Overlook Press, 2004. Director of Fellowships, Santa Clara University). Oxford U. In her most Hellenistic form, she is shown as placid with Greek features and no Egyptian head-dress. (28) Law enforcement was often carried out by the mob, and in such cases, not even the king could change a person's fate. Stephens’ current research is on the political and social dimensions of Hellenistic literature. Classical Greece and the Birth of Western Art. Labeled in Greek, it faithfully pictures many key elements of Ptolemaic material culture from drinking vessels to temples, and must echo a Ptolemaic painting of the third or second centuries BCE. Getting Ready for Alexandria. Berkeley, Los Angeles: U. of California Press, 1998. Free. Penguin, 1996. (29) Literary scholars escaped into this elitist world to find their own ataraxia(30) with people of similar imaginations and preoccupations. (39) Their job was to collect books and copy them, to criticize and comment on the books, to punctuate, and to preserve them. Orinda Library, Orinda He also wrote a book called Characters at the Museum, which seems to be the first work of psychology. (Professor of Classics, Director of University Honors, Director of Lead Scholars, and (Paperback, 2002; 158 pp.) (22) Greeks, Romans, and Jews constituted the majority of people living in Alexandria in its heyday, but there were also many thousands of Egyptians, Persians, Syrians, Moroccans, Turks, and many Asiatics. Culture and Power in Ptolemaic Egypt: the Museum and Library of Alexandria - Volume 42 Issue 1 - Andrew Erskine Skip to main content Accessibility help We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Berkeley, Los Angeles: U. of California Press, 1990. So how many books were in the Alexandrian Library? Reading the Pharmaceutria, an idyll by Theocritus, a belief in magical spells is easily seen: The Greeks who went to Alexandria were also very open-minded about the local gods, and a strange synthesis emerged in Greek Egypt. The Egyptology Online website provides a capsule history of the city, while the significance of the ancient Library and its modern re-incarnation are discussed on the travel-oriented site, Sacred Destinations. (2005). Press, 1995. The following article is from The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (1979). Allen Lane, 1973; Penguin, 1994, 2004. Jewish Culture. She is also serving as Secretary of the Modern Greek Studies Association, the largest professional organization of faculty, graduate students and researchers in Modern Greek Studies in the U.S. and Canada. Pollard, Justin and Howard Reid. Ptolemy later had a mausoleum built in the city's center called the Sema, where Alexander's body was eventually placed in a golden sarcophagus. The other Hellenistic states -Macedonia, Pergamon and Syria in Greece and Asia Minor and Syria-Mesopotamia progressively came under control of Rome and … His most famous was written in four books and was entitled Argonautica, "making him the first poet to use romantic love as the central theme for an epic poem." Alexandria was an important city of the ancient world. A native of Greece, she received her BA from Brandeis University and her MA and PhD from Harvard University. “Alexander hoped the genius of Hellenism would be perpetuated here, a metropolis of culture to benefit the entire world.”2 After the death of Alexander, his “Hellenistic empire” was fought over by his generals because Alexander left no obvious heir to his empire. The Hellenistic period refers to the time from the death of Alexander the Great or the end of the Greek Classical Era in 323 B.C. 1962. —. Cavafi, C. P. C. P. Cavafi: Collected Poems. Andrew G. Jameson holds a Ph.D. in history from Harvard University and a doctorate in history from the Sorbonne (University of Paris), a Master of Science degree in library science from Simmons College in Boston, and a degree in archival management from Radcliffe College. Publications include editions of literary and documentary papyri belonging to the Oxyrhynchus (P.Oxy. Fox, Robin Lane. The library became the center of Hellenistic literature and literary life. Hellenistic Greece. Since then, Islam has been the official religion of the country. Transl. Dramatic and comedic playwrights were also encouraged to put aside political issues and were no longer able to poke fun at their powerful kings. Different perceptions may account for many of the discrepancies. Penguin Classics, 1999. The center of Hellenistic Culture was Alexandria (Egypt) Click again to see term The discussion moderator will be Humanities West volunteer Lynn Harris. Other Links to Egypt Sites Eighty percent of our ancient literature would not exist without the Alexandrian Library, which is a staggering legacy to the Western World. NY: Overlook Press, 2004. In Alexandria, there was a great fusing of many cultures; it was a great city built on the foundation of a tiny village to become the capital for the late great Alexander's empire. by Daniel Mendelsohn. 5:30pm Reception, 6pm Lecture Judaism and Hellenism in Antiquity. by Frances Liardet, 1989. Penguin Classics, 1999. The Museum had a priest in charge of it and enjoyed financial freedom. New Haven: Yale U. 2:00 pm – 6 pm Fireside Chat with George Hammond The city of Alexandria was the focus of this Hellenistic period. Tuesday, February 2, 2010 The average male no longer had any say about political issues, nor could he be a soldier since mercenary armies were the norm in the Hellenistic World. Mahfouz, Naguib. A native of Greece, she received her BA from Brandeis University and her MA and PhD from Harvard University. Renault, Mary. NY: Penguin Group, 2006. This lecture employs this tale, however fictitious it may be, as an illuminating window on the place of Jewish culture in the life of Alexandria and on the relationship between Jewish intellectuals and the Hellenistic monarchy in Egypt. Other publications include: Roman Politics and the Criminal Courts, l49-78 BC(l968), The Last Generation of the Roman Republic (l974, 1995), Studies in Greek Culture and Roman Policy (l990, 1996), Culture and National Identity in Republican Rome (1992, 1994); Images and Ideologies: Self-Definition in the Hellenistic World (co-ed.) Sponsored by Humanities West Partner, American Research Center in Egypt, Northern California Chapter He is currently historian of the Bohemian Club of San Francisco and was recently elected to the Explorers Club of New York for his dissemination of geographical knowledge and for having climbed Mounts Kilimanjaro and Cameroon and trekked across the Sahara with the Tuareg. One poet writes of two women discussing why one of their husbands has vanished. Christiane Sourvinou-Inwood's Reading of Sophocles' Antigone. Periplus Publishing, 1998. 10:00 am until 12 noon & 1:30 pm to 4:00 pm, Recap of Friday. Clarie, Thomas. (24) As Michael Wood observed during his visit to Alexandria: People living in or visiting Alexandria during those early days felt they were living in Paradise. Its harbours were also an important part of why he chose that area of Egypt to become the capital of his empire. Mechanics’ Institute Alexander the Great. NY: Henry N. Abrams, 2002. Her book on Art and Culture in the Era of Alexander the Great: Paradigms of Manhood and their Cultural Traditions is forthcoming from Cambridge University Press, and a co-edited volume,Assyrian Reliefs from the Palace of Ashurnasirpal II: A Cultural Biography, is forthcoming from the University Press of New England. with notes by Rev. Keeley, Edmund. The conquests of Alexander greatly widened the horizons of the Greek world, making the endless conflicts between the cities which had marked the 5th and 4th centuries BC seem petty and unimportant. NY: Pantheon, 1975, 2001. Penguin, 1996. Samuel, Alan E. The Shifting Sands of History: Interpretations of Ptolemaic Egypt. He is the author of historical works on libraries and the Orthodox Church and monasteries and is researching a book on the history of the Nicene Creed and on the history and lore of the camel. The Hellenistic World (from the Greek word Hellas for Greece) is the known world after the conquests of Alexander the Great and corresponds roughly with the Hellenistic Period of ancient Greece, from 323 BCE (Alexander’s death) to the annexation of Greece by Rome in 146 BCE. Her book on Art and Culture in the Era of Alexander the Great: Paradigms of Manhood and their Cultural Traditions is forthcoming from Cambridge University Press, and a co-edited volume,Assyrian Reliefs from the Palace of Ashurnasirpal II: A Cultural Biography, is forthcoming from the University Press of New England. They made him ruler of the oldest civilization in the world.(5). Gustave. Alexander to Actium. Eugene N. Borza (History, Pennsylvania State University). As Michael Grant said, "Alexandria made one set of fortunes by exporting ... and another by its maritime trading all over the near and Middle East." Learn chapter 5 hellenistic culture history with free interactive flashcards. The Cultural Policies of the early Ptolemies: Alexandria and Beyond Rajak, T. Translation and Survival: The Greek Bible of the Ancient Jewish Diaspora. (2005). The monarchs wanted poets in their courts and libraries, and scholarly people working on scientific research for them. Alexandria’s scholars preserve Greek & Egyptian learning in the sciences, astronomy, math & physics. Thus they came to create their own version of Hellenistic culture. Its Great Library and Museum and its Lighthouse— Reservations: 415-393-0100 or email the Mechanics’ Institute. Alexandria had a ship harbor. Princeton: Princeton U. The Emergence of Macedon (Princeton, 1990, 1992),Makedonika: Essays by Eugene N. Borza (Association of Ancient Historians, 1995), and Before Alexander: Constructing Early Macedonia (Association of Ancient Historians, 1999). Discovering Ancient Egypt. Los Angeles: J. Paul Getty Trust Publications, 2005. The famous Alexandrian library is a case in point. The Septuagint also made Judaism accessible to people of other faiths, who were curious about the basis for the Jewish religion. — and Laura Foreman. Los Angeles: J. Paul Getty Trust Publications, 2005. 57 Post Street, San Francisco Clarendon Press, 1966. As an important trading post between Europe and Asia, it profited from the easy overland connection between the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. Transl. Choose from 500 different sets of chapter 5 hellenistic culture flashcards on Quizlet. They collected copies of classical writers, collated them, and came up with a text that was as close as they could get to the original material. Her current project is on beauty and ugliness in ancient Greece. Green, Peter. Once among the greatest cities of the Mediterranean world and a center of Hellenic scholarship and science, Alexandria was the capital of Egypt from its founding by Alexander the Great in 332 BCE until its surrender to Arab forces in 642 CE. Pollitt, Jerome J. Primary Sources Publications of the Association of Ancient Historians, No. Transl. Berkeley, Los Angeles: U. of California Press, 2003. Drifting Cities, transl. (48) But it was not only the intellectuals who graced the halls of the Alexandrian Library and Museum, it was the very Ptolemic kings who financed these institutions, for they too were educated and wrote books on many subjects. . Press, 2008. Director of the Bibliotheca Alexandrina 1923, 1983. As time wore on, Hellenistic sculptors moved away from the classical style, and more towards emotional and realistic art. Our topic this time is Alexandria, Egypt. And following from this, one must ask to what extent Hellenic culture—whatever its source—actually penetrated deeply into native cultures such as Ptolemaic Egypt during the Hellenistic Era. Andrew G. Jameson holds a Ph.D. in history from Harvard University and a doctorate in history from the Sorbonne (University of Paris), a Master of Science degree in library science from Simmons College in Boston, and a degree in archival management from Radcliffe College. FREE to Members of Mechanics’ Institute and Friends of Humanities West FREE to Members of Mechanics’ Institute and Friends of Humanities West A World War II veteran of the Infantry, he earned a Bronze Star with Cluster and a Purple Heart with Cluster for his participation on the Battle of the Bulge. A Look at Aristotle's Physics II. Mahfouz, Naguib. Her research areas include the poetry of the two Nobel Prize-winning authors George Seferis and Odysseas Elytis, British and American 20th century travel writing to Greece and contemporary Greek American literature. Ptolemy I Soter carried on Alexander's dream of building a well-designed city at Alexandria, incorporating a modern rectangular grid system. (38) If Macedonian rulers set out to prove they were as culturally advanced as the Athenians were, it seems likely they also tried to lure the most important intellectuals away from them. Alexandria in Literature By possessing the written works of great intellectuals, they believed they could somehow possess the very souls of the creators. David, Rosalie. Pharos and Pharillon, An Evocation of Alexandria. 595 Market Street, San Francisco Hellenistic Culture a term that is used chronologically to refer to the culture of the Hellenistic age and typologically to refer to the culture that resulted from the interaction of Greek (Hellenic) and local elements. The kings offered little patronage to philosophers. Alexander: The Conqueror. A wonderful and witty legend has it that Ptolemy II, the Hellenistic ruler of Egypt, summoned the most learned Jewish scholars from Jerusalem to his court to render the Hebrew Bible into Greek. Dr. Janet Johnson (Oriental Institute, University of Chicago) The poetry of C. P. Cavafy set in Ptolemaic Alexandria. John Selby Watson. London, NY: Routledge, 2003. The sheer amounts of knowledge collected and uncovered on Alexander's journeys opened up a whole world of facts. Cambridge: Cambridge U. Alexandria was also a center for biblical studies. by Kay Cicellis, 1974. Professor Jameson has lived, taught, and traveled extensively in the Near East and Africa and has led study groups to Greece, Turkey, Morocco, Iran, India, China, and Southeast Asia and continues to lecture and write on African and Asian cultures and on the history of libraries. They now had the wealth to prove it. Martha Klironomos, Professor of English and Modern Greek Studies, is the Director of the Center for Modern Greek Studies, the Nikos Kazantzakis Chair, at San Francisco State University where she has been teaching courses in Modern Greek language and literature as well as Comparative and English literature courses since 1996. (19) Thousands of papyri containing magical potions and spells have been found in Egypt. Hellenistic Greece. De Selincourt, Aubrey (transl). It was no longer the polis but the cosmopolis that epitomized the Hellenistic world. London, NY: Routledge, 2004. Alexandria: Jewel of Egypt. Typically, historians start the Hellenistic Age with the death of Alexander, whose empire spread from India to Africa, in 323 B.C.It follows the Classical Age and precedes the incorporation of the Greek empire within the Roman empire in 146 B.C. Art in the Hellenistic Age. 5:30 pm Reception, 6:00 pm lecture Scott-Kilvert, Ian (transl). McKenzie, Judith. He is currently historian of the Bohemian Club of San Francisco and was recently elected to the Explorers Club of New York for his dissemination of geographical knowledge and for having climbed Mounts Kilimanjaro and Cameroon and trekked across the Sahara with the Tuareg. The Alexander Mosaic: Stories of Victory and Defeat. He also serves as Santa Clara University’s Director of Honors, the Lead Scholars Program, and, the Office of Fellowships. Ibn-Battuta. Plutarch tells us that Alexander went to Egypt and liberated the Egyptians from Persian rule, which they had suffered under since the 6th century BC occupation. Greek (also known as Hellenic) culture blended with Egyptian, Persian, and Indian influ-ences. Corpus Scriptorum Latinorum, a digital library of Latin literature. Since so much prosperity grew from his businesses, he was rich enough to have one of the finest mercenary armies of the time and a fleet that was hard to surpass. Ancient Greek Novels: The Fragments (with Jack Winkler, 1995); Seeing Double: Intercultural Poetics in Ptolemaic Alexandria(2003); Classics and National Cultures (With Phiroze Vasunia) will appear this year. The Glory of Alexandria, Egypt from Alexander to Cleopatra, 1999. Ptolemy had even invented a new god named Serapis, who was a combination of the Egyptian god, Osiris and the Bull god, Apis. Royal residence this time of Great intellectuals, they also collected intellectuals the Ohio State University ) Stephens. Grammarian, and, a student of Aristotle 's, advised Ptolemy the! As bustling, crowded, and more towards emotional and realistic Art metre... But Alexander did not live long enough to see his well-planned city reach its heights!, poetry had become an esoteric Art form Essays by Eugene N... Academy of Art San Francisco State University Roland Villard Empire in 30 B.C.E financial freedom men Aristophanes! 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