This explanation goes with the recited text of the Qur’an because Allah pronounced that he would make known what had been concealed. But, after having learnt about the event as it would transpire through Divine revelation and after the intention of nikah with Zainab having emerged in his heart, this advice of not divorcing given to Zayd had remained at the level of a sort of formal expression of good wishes – something not appropriate to the station of a messenger of Allah, particularly so because, alongwith it, included therein was the apprehension of taunts from the people. period during which a widow or a divorcee may not remarry). He devoted himself to theological studies and commented on Islam as a heresy. Are you such a possessive guy to not even let your ex-wife a remarriage? Sha’bi’s (d. 103/721) alleged report mentions the Prophet went to see Zaid when he was ill and on seeing Zainab made comments that could mean she attracted his admiration. Zainab, the Divorced Wife of Zaid Zainab was the cousin of the Prophet, who was married to Zaid, an orphan slave whom the Prophet liberated and then adopted. When Zaid learnt about this incident he offered the prophet that he would divorce Zainab in order that the prophet may marry her. Maqatil, likewise, is undisputedly rejected. Were the Wives of the Prophet Dissatisfied with Him? Muhammad answered, “Hold to your wife and fear Allah.” Thereafter, Zainab was no longer a docile wife and Zayd had to divorce her. What is significant about Qatada’s report, however, is that it does not suggest that something moved the heart of the Prophet (ﷺ) when he saw Zainab. He was from the generation that succeeded the followers of the companions and died in the year 182/798. Zaid was one of the first persons who accepted Islam. Likewise, Zainab was Prophet Muhammad’s cousin and he had ample opportunity to marry her before her marriage to Zaid was even a nascent possibility. 121, [29] Al-Mizzi, Tahdhib al-Kamal, Vol.29, 172, [30] Al-‘Asqalani, Ibn Hajar, Taqrib al-Tahdhib, Editor Muhammad ‘Awwama (Damascus: Dar al-Rashid, 1986) 554, No. God ordered Muhammad to marry her.” For Zaid, Zainab was his family and life-partner. "Mothers of … Thanks . He exclaimed to himself, "Praise be to Allah, who turns hearts around!" ‘Abdul ‘Aziz ibn Juraij (d. 150/767) relating the subsequent verse 38 of the surah with the Biblical story of Dawud/David. Jahsh, his paternal aunt’s daughter. The critical part of the Qur’anic verse is the mention of what the Prophet hid and Allah made known and that the Prophet feared people on that account. [2] Shafi’, Muhammad, Ma’arif al-Qur’an, translated by Muhammad Shamim (Karachi: Maktaba-e-Darul’Uloom, n.d.) Vol.7, 161-163, [3] Al-Bukhari, Muhammad b. Isma’il, al-Sahih, (Riyadh: Maktabat Darussalam, 2007) Hadith 7420, [5] Ibn Sa’d, Tabaqat al-Kubra, (Beirut: DKI, 1990) Vol.8, 82; Abu ‘Awana, al-Musnad al-Mustakhraj, (Beirut: Dar al-Ma’rifa, 1998) Hadith 4177; Ibn Hibban, al-Sahih, (Beirut: al-Resalah Publishers, 1988) Hadith 7045; al-Hakim, al-Mustadrak, (Beirut: DKI, 1990) Hadith 3563; al-Baihaqi, Dala’il al-Nabuwwah, (Beirut: DKI, 1405) Vol.3, 466, [6] Ibn Sa’d, Tabaqat al-Kubra, Vol.8, 82; Al-Tirmidhi, al-Jami‘ al-Kabir, (Beirut: al-Resalah Publishers, 2009) Hadith 3213; ‘Abd b. Humaid, al-Muntakhab min al-Musnad, (Riyadh: Dar al-Bilnisiya, 2002) Hadith 1205; Abu ‘Awana, al-Musnad al-Mustakhraj, (Beirut: Dar al-Ma’rifa, 1998) Hadith 418; al-Tabarani, Abu al-Qasim, Mu’jam al-Kabir, (Cairo: Maktaba Ibn Taimiya, n.d.) Vol.24, 43 Hadith 116, [7] Al-Baihaqi, Sunan al-Kubra, (Beirut: DKI, 2003) Hadith 13915, [8] Al-Tirmidhi, al-Jami‘ al-Kabir, Hadith 3212; al-Bazzar, al-Musnad, (Madina: Maktaba al-‘Ulum wa al-Hikam, 2005) Vol.13, 287 Hadith 6860, [9] Al-Nasa’i, Sunan al-Kubra, (Beirut: al-Resalah Publishers, 2001) Hadith 11343, [10] al-Bazzar, al-Musnad, Vol.13, 287 Hadith 6860, [11] Ahmad b. Hanbal, al-Musnad, (Beirut: al-Resalah Publishers, 2001) Edited by Shu‘aib al-Arna’ut et al. Zainab bint Jahsh died when she was 53 years old. 3) Please do not say in Islam, adopted son is not biological son and hence adopted son's wife can get married to adopted son's so called father. The Prophet (ﷺ) then returned and had in his thought what Allah had willed. The Prophet proposed the marriage of Zainab with Zaid to her brother, but he refused to let his sister, a noble girl of Hashimite and Zaid the adopted son of Muhammad pbuh divorced his wife Zainab because she asked for it due to she did not love her husband.Muhammad suggested them did not make a divorce but Zaid wanted to let her wife be divorced in line with her claim. Once separated from the false narrations and knowing that the Prophet (ﷺ) had been told that Zaid and Zainab would divorce and that he would then marry Zainab the report of Qatada simply means that while he did not want to ask Zaid to divorce or to even share with him what he knew was destined even as Zaid came to him for consultation on the issue. Zainab asked him to enter while she did not have veil on her so she put sleeve of the coat of mail on her head. Prophetic Medicine: Notions, Conceptions, and Caveats. Despite there being clear difference between the two stories they were incredulously related by the people contemporary to first Christian polemicists writing about Islam– a fact which alludes to our suggested background in which such comparisons were drawn. In fact, in history reports even companions at times narrated from others besides. [68] We can, therefore, surmise that it developed during the early polemical disputations between Muslims and Christians. Muhammad having seen and admired Zaid's wife Zainab, her husband divorced her. Dealing with Revisionists' Contentions on the Age of 'Aisha, 3. see also, Al-Haithami, Majm‘ al-Zawa’id, Vol.7, 91-92 No. Jahsh was solemnized with Zayd Ibn Haritha. Hadrat Zainab herself was not happy at this arrangement. His wife Zainab bt. Required fields are marked *. The story of Zainab bint Jahsh’s marriage to Zaid, their divorce, and subsequently her marriage to the Prophet (ﷺ) is yet another episode of the Prophet’s life that has been a regular subject of detractors be they the first opponents of the Prophet or those among the orientalists and missionaries who find no other way to raise question about the cause of Islam and the character and demeanor of the Prophet except by picking on baseless narratives that have been preserved in the classical Islamic texts only due to the methodology of the early scholars who sought to collect everything they came across leaving the research and critique to the learned readers contemporary to them and those from the posterity. Thereafter, when her ‘iddah ended, Allah sent a revelation from heavens regarding her marriage with the Prophet.[36]. Maqatil’s (d. 150/767) version has the Prophet (ﷺ) instantaneously develop feelings just when he had gone to admonish her for her behavior towards Zaid. فقال: لا والله يا رسول الله، ما رابني منها شيء، ولا رأيت إلا خيرا فقال له رسول الله ص: امسك عليك زوجك واتق الله، فذلك قول الله عز وجل: «وإذ تقول للذي أنعم الله عليه وأنعمت عليه أمسك عليك زوجك واتق الله وتخفي في نفسك ما الله مبديه» ، تخفى في نفسك ان فارقها تزوجتها. At this the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: ‘Praise be to Allah who turns the hearts.’ Zaid observed that the Prophet (ﷺ) desired for Zainab and said, ‘O Messenger of Allah! So much so that Muhammad was scared to tell people that he was to marry Zainab. [19] He is especially criticized for his mistakes with chains of reports that he did not relate well. According to Yunus b. Had Prophet Muhammad engaged in any unbecoming behavior, no shortage of critics existed during his lifetime. Therefore, the admonition was revealed in the words which mean, ‘you were concealing in your heart what Allah was going to reveal.’ When the information about his marriage with Zainab was conveyed to him from Allah and the intention of marriage had already crossed his heart, then, the act of hiding this intention and indulging in such formal remarks was not appropriate to his station. Though Islam doesn't discriminate people depending on status and the couple tried hard to … This was considered taboo in pre-Islamic Arab society. That was why he urged Zaid not to divorce her, in order not to get involved into that trial. (b) ‘Abdullah b. According to recorded Islamic history, Muhammad took Zaid to the Black Stone of the Ka’ba and said: “Bear testimony, all ye that are present. 578, 1288, 1446, 3319, 5549; al-Irwa’, No. Nothing is known about the one narrating from him i.e. Ghamidi, Muwatta, and the Return of ‘Eisa, Opposition to Rajm (Stoning): Analysis and Refutation. Al-Kalbi’s (d. 146/763) version combines (rather blends) Zaid’s understanding of Prophet’s (ﷺ) alleged feelings with his complaint about Zainab’s behavior. Why was the Prophet ﷺ commanded to do so? Abu Dawud vol.2 no.2292 p.624. Required fields are marked *. 15348, [32] Al-Albani, Nasir al-Din, Silsala Ahadith al-Da‘ifa, No. The displeasure amounted to this: ‘Why did you tell Zaid to keep his wife, whereas I had informed you beforehand that Zainab would be included among your wives?” 71 That is, Zaid divorced his wife and her waiting-period came to an end. It mentions nothing about his alleged feelings about Zainab. and then departed. When Zayd complained to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) about Zaynab’s attitude, and said that she did not obey him, and told him that he wanted to divorce her, the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said to him, by way of good manners and advice: “Fear Allaah in what you say and keep your wife”, but he knew that Zayd was going to divorce her and … ‘Abdul Wahhab al-Hajbi (d. 228/843) who adds that Zaid wanted to divorce Zainab and had come to consult with the Prophet, Ahmad b. 2, 562-563; al-Hakim, al-Mustadrak, Vol.4, 25; translated in Fishbein, Michael, The History of al-Tabari – Volume VIII – The Victory of Islam, (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1997) 2-3, [34] Al-‘Asqalani, Ibn Hajar, Tahdhib al-Tahdhib, Vol.5, 275-276 No. 128/745). Come in, you who are as dear to me as my father and mother!” The Messenger of God refused to enter. As for the apprehension of taunts from people, it was said, ‘and you were fearing people, while Allah is more entitled to be feared by you.’ In other words, ‘when you knew that this thing is going to take place as a matter destined by Allah – without there being any apprehension or danger of His displeasure in that case – then, simply because of the apprehension of taunts from people, such remarks were not appropriate.’[2]. In fact with regards to the narrator after him, Musa b. Ya’qub, ‘Abdul Rahman b. al-Mahdi mentioned that he had unknown teachers (lahu masha’ikh majhulun). Mentioning Islam among the heresies that had emerged till his time he remarked about the Prophet (ﷺ) and his teachings: Mohammed had a friend named Zeid. Al-Dhahabi mentions that scholars have agreed on rejecting his narrations.[39]. Versions of Report | Isnad Analysis | Content Analysis | Meanings of Qur’an 33:37 | Possible Origins | Conclusion. 362, [41a] al-Zaili’i, Jamal al-Din, Nasb al-Raya li-Ahadith al-Hidaya, (Beirut: al-Rayan Foundation, 1997) Vol.1, 359-360, [42] Shakir, Ahmad, Alfiyyah al-Suyuti fi ‘Ilm al-Hadith, (Beirut: Maktaba al-‘Ilmiyyah, n.d) 10, [43] See for instance, al-Albani, Silsala al-Ahadith al-Da‘ifa, Vol.3, 618 No. Secondly, we now have Zaid who has no complaint with his wife and is simply looking to divorce her for the Prophet (ﷺ). This is what Allah made known and not something of the alleged feelings of the Prophet (ﷺ). Moreover, it is supported by another chain of narrators back to Qatada via Yazid b. Zurai‘ and Sa‘id b. Abi ‘Arubah. Zayd said, “Why didn’t you ask him to come in?” She replied, “I asked him, but he refused.” “Did you hear him say anything?” he asked. The Prophet kept on saying (to him), “Be afraid of Allah and keep your wife.” Anas said, “If Allah’s Messenger were to conceal anything (of the Quran) he would have concealed this Verse.” Zainab used to boast before the wives of the Prophet and used to say, “You were given in marriage by your families, while I was married (to the Prophet) by Allah from over seven Heavens.” And Thabit recited, “The Verse:– ‘But (O Muhammad) you did hide in your heart that which Allah was about to make manifest, you did fear the people,’ (33.37) was revealed in connection with Zainab and Zaid bin Haritha.”[3]. Zaid is my son; I will be his heir and he shall … Muhammad was hiding within himself what Allah supposedly was to bring to light, namely that Muhammad was to marry his adopted son’s wife. Accordingly we find ‘Abdul Malik. Unfortunately, the marriage of Zaid and Zainab (a marriage that Muhammad himself had arranged) was beyond repair and ends in divorce. Moreover, drawing on earliest sources its possible origin has also been suggested. Al-Kalbi himself is a rejected narrator by the agreement of scholars. He divorced Zainab and Allah declared in his Glorious Book that he has wedded her to the prophet after the proper waiting period was over. 6848, [24] Al-Dhahabi, Siyar al-A‘lam al-Nubala, (Beirut: al-Resalah Publishers, 1985) Vol.9, 248, [25] Al-Suyuti, Jalal al-Din, al-Durr al-Manthur fi al-Tafsir al-Ma’thur, (Cairo: Marakaz al-Hijr, 2003) Vol.12, 61-62, [26] Actually a part of each of these two works has been published. [1] Reverend Boswell Smith, Mohammed and Mohammedanism, page 89 (London, 1874). Zaniab divorced Zaid because the marriage was not working out, and Prophet Muhammad offered to marry her. Zainab Qayyum Education: Zainab has attained the degree of Master in Literature from Kinnaird College. The story of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) allegedly falling in love with his cousin and wife of his adopted son Zaid, Zainab bt. In any case, according to the proposal and desire of the Holy Prophet sa, the marriage of Zainab ra and Zaid ra took place. ‘Abdul Malik. Moslems should consider whether the entire account of Zaid’s divorce of Zainab, Mohamed’s marriage with Zainab and the following revelations of the quran verses from Allah to justify what would ordinarily be an indecent episode is something befitting a true prophet of God. John of Damascus who was known to the Muslims as Yuhanna b. Mansur b. Sarjun al-Damishqi, was son of a secretary of the Umayyad Caliph Hisham b. On this account he was reprimanded that as a Prophet (ﷺ) he should have feared Allah more than the people. 17691, 17695; al-Baihaqi, Abu Bakr, Dala’il al-Nabuwwah, (Beirut: DKI, 1405 AH) Vol.3, 466; ‘Ali b. Zaid b. Jud‘an though criticized by many was not someone whose reports cannot be accepted. And whereas Allah does not go against his promise, we do not see Allah revealing anything about the Prophet except his marriage with Zainab saying, ‘We gave her into your marriage’ Had the Messenger of Allah concealed his love for Zainab and desired for her divorce with Zaid, Allah would not have concealed after having promised to make known what was in his heart. [37] This suggests Zaid divorced Zainab as he observed Prophet’s (ﷺ) feelings for her but outwardly mentioned her behaviour towards him as the reason. 1427, See also, Silsala Da’ifa, Nos. Do as God has told you and take my wife.’ Rather to tell the story over from the beginning he said to him: ‘God has given me the command that you put away your wife.’ And he put her away. Why was the Prophet ﷺ commanded to do so? I do admit that I never knew this and, I was stunned when I first learnt this from a real Mullah. ‘Abdul Rahman b. al-Munib (or ‘Abdul Rahman b. In these circumstances the contextual frivolity of infamous story besides its weakness in terms of narrative reliability becomes all the more evident. And if, after having put her away, he should return to her, let another marry her. ‘Abdullah al-Hadrami – al-Hasan b. Did Muhammad connive Zainab and Zaid to divorce? Zaid the adopted son of Muhammad pbuh divorced his wife Zainab because she asked for it due to she did not love her husband.Muhammad suggested them did not make a divorce but Zaid wanted to let her wife be divorced in line with her claim. Moreover, he was unanimously considered a weak narrator.[41]. The content also shows signs of incredulous story making. [12] (b) Part of the narration that says the Prophet (ﷺ) came to Zaid’s place and nearly entered it is a unique narration of Mu‘mal. Somone is not only be his heir and he is especially criticized for poor.... More at a `` Muhammad prohibits the wives of the verse turns hearts around! Ahadith. 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