A. Sanchez‐Lorenzo. Corresponding Author. … (6marks) 2.Write short notes on; a.Synoptic,climatological,agricultural and aviation meteorological stations. Fig. Sunshine Recorder . Department of Physics, University of Girona, Spain. Anemometer, device for measuring the speed of airflow in the atmosphere, in wind tunnels, and in other gas-flow applications. Sunshine is recorded with a simple, yet clever device, called a Campbell-Stokes recorder, the design of which goes back to 1879. Working principle This recorder consists essentially of a glass sphere of 96 mm diameter mounted concentrially in a section of a spherical metal bowl, the diameter of which is such that the sun`s tays are focussed sharply on a card held in the grooves, in the bowl. But, in absence of sunlight the paper chart become intact. a sunshine recorder is used to record the duration of sunshine at a place for a day. We can record the duration of sunshine hour from the paper chart by using measuring the … A. González, J. Calbó, A. Sanchez-Lorenzo, Using digital image processing to characterize the Campbell–Stokes sunshine recorder and to derive high-temporal resolution direct solar irradiance, Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 10.5194/amt-8-183-2015, 8, 1, (183-194), (2015). Working Principle: When sunshine present, the paper chart is burned by heat passing through the lens. Image Credit Flickr User LaurentKB The Campbell–Stokes Recorder comes in a variety of sizes, some quite large, but is … (8marks) b.The working principle of a radar system. SUNSHINE RECORDER WORKING PRINCIPLE: Sunshine recorder essentially consists of a glass sphere mounted in a spherical bowl and a metallic groove which holds a record card. There are a couple of different types of recorder, often with slightly different specifications. (2marks) c.Describe the sitting and orientation of the stevenson screen in a weather station. In this device a glass sphere concentrates sunlight onto a card and the amount of scorching on the card records the amount of sunlight that had fallen on it. A sunshine recorder is a device that measures how much sunlight a certain region or area is receiving at any given time. Solar-cell-type pyranometers. Photo: You can use small photovoltaic solar cells like these to measure solar radiation.. Not all pyranometers use thermopiles. The person recording the length of sunshine in a single day would simply add up the length of the burn marks to measure the sunshine. Working principle: 1.a.State the main features of a stevenson screen. Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. New insights into the history of the Campbell‐Stokes sunshine recorder. A. Sanchez-Romero, J. Sun's rays are refracted and focused sharply on the record card beneath the glass sphere, leaving burnt marks on the card. You take a laser beam and split it in half using a semi-silvered mirror (a mirror partly coated with silver so it allows half the light to pass through and reflects the rest away). The Toshiba DVD/VCR player and recorder will work with your Tivo, but only in analog. Most widely used for wind-speed measurements is the revolving-cup electric anemometer, in which the revolving cups drive an electric generator.The output of the generator operates an electric meter that is calibrated in wind speed. You can also get less sophisticated (and considerably cheaper) solar-cell pyranometers, based on light-sensitive semiconductor chips, that give more approximate measurements.The best thermopile pyranometers are designed to respond … (2marks) b.Clearly describe the function of the stevenson screen in a weather station. The basic principle is called interferometry, and it can be used to measure all kinds of different things with incredible precision. 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